Making better MAXENT models of species distributions: complexity, overfitting, and evaluation

نویسندگان

  • Aleksandar Radosavljevic
  • Robert P. Anderson
چکیده

Appendix S1: Procedure for masking environmental variables. For the masked geographically structured approach, we took background environmental data only from the areas of the bins used in model calibration (Anderson & Raza, 2010). To do so, we ‘masked’ out the area corresponding to the bin being withheld for evaluation by using a dummy variable. The dummy variable had a value of zero in the regions corresponding to the calibration bins and no data for the region corresponding to the bin of localities with which the model was to be evaluated. When the resulting model was projected to the full study region to allow for evaluation, the dummy variable was assigned a value of zero for the full study region.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

On Tsallis Entropy Bias and Generalized Maximum Entropy Models

In density estimation task, maximum entropy model (Maxent) can effectively use reliable prior information via certain constraints, i.e., linear constraints without empirical parameters. However, reliable prior information is often insufficient, and the selection of uncertain constraints becomes necessary but poses considerable implementation complexity. Improper setting of uncertain constraints...

متن کامل

Performance Guarantees for Regularized Maximum Entropy Density Estimation

We consider the problem of estimating an unknown probability distribution from samples using the principle of maximum entropy (maxent). To alleviate overfitting with a very large number of features, we propose applying the maxent principle with relaxed constraints on the expectations of the features. By convex duality, this turns out to be equivalent to finding the Gibbs distribution minimizing...

متن کامل

MaxEnt versus MaxLike: empirical comparisons with ant species distributions

MaxEnt is one of the most widely used tools in ecology, biogeography, and evolution for modeling and mapping species distributions using presence-only occurrence records and associated environmental covariates. Despite its popularity, the exponential model implemented by MaxEnt does not directly estimate occurrence probability, the natural quantity of interest when modeling species distribution...

متن کامل

Species-specific tuning increases robustness to sampling bias in models of species distributions: An implementation with Maxent

Various methods exist to model a species’ niche and geographic distribution using environmental data for the study region and occurrence localities documenting the species’ presence (typically from museums and herbaria). In presence-only modelling, geographic sampling bias and small sample sizes represent challenges for many species. Overfitting to the bias and/or noise characteristic of such d...

متن کامل

Ecological niche modeling in Maxent: the importance of model complexity and the performance of model selection criteria.

Maxent, one of the most commonly used methods for inferring species distributions and environmental tolerances from occurrence data, allows users to fit models of arbitrary complexity. Model complexity is typically constrained via a process known as L1 regularization, but at present little guidance is available for setting the appropriate level of regularization, and the effects of inappropriat...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2014